转移性黑色素瘤是一种高致死率的皮肤恶性肿瘤。自2011年以来,美国食品与药品管理局先后批准9种药物应用于转移性黑色素瘤的临床治疗。其中包括靶向鼠类肉瘤滤过性霉菌致癌同源体B或丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶的小分子抑制剂,以及阻断细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原-4和程序化细胞死亡蛋白1的免疫治疗抗体。因药物的耐药性和毒副作用,目前转移性黑色素瘤治疗方案已由单一药物治疗向联合应用方向逐步过渡。这种联合治疗的优化方案显著提高了转移性黑色素瘤患者的总生存率和无进展生存期。文章将从转移性黑色素瘤靶向和免疫治疗的药物、作用机制、临床效果和局限性进行总结,并探讨联合用药的现状和前景。metastatic melanoma is a kind of skin malignant tumor with high mortality.Since 2011,Food and Drug Administration(FDA)has successively approved 9 drugs for clinical treatment of metastatic melanoma.These agents include small molecule inhibitors targeting BRAF or MEK,and immunotherapeutic antibodies that block cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4(CTLA-4)and programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1).For drug resistance and toxic side effects,the current treatment for metastatic melanoma has gradually transitioned from single-drug therapy to combined application.These changes in the treatment landscape have dramatically improved the outcomes in patients with metastatic melanoma,with prolonged overall survival and progression-free survival.Herein,we provides a comprehensive review of the mechanisms,clinical benefits and limitations of different therapies,aims to explore the current status and prospects of combined treatment for metastatic melanoma.
机构地区遵义医科大学基础医学院病理生理学教研室
出处《医学研究生学报》 CAS 北大核心 2021年第3期321-325,共5页Journal of Medical Postgraduates
基金国家自然科学基金(31701007)。
关键词转移性黑色素瘤 靶向治疗 免疫治疗 BRAF抑制剂 PD-1metastatic melanoma targeted therapy immunotherapy BRAF inhibitor PD-1
分类号R739.5 [医药卫生—肿瘤]
