利用费托合成工艺,将煤、生物质等原料气化产生的合成气转化为液体燃料或化学品,符合我国能源特点和战略需求,而高性能铁基费托合成催化剂的开发能够推动该工艺进步,载体的结构和电子环境会显著影响催化剂的性质。碳材料是铁基费托合成催化剂备受关注的一类载体。本文回顾了不同种类的碳限域载体(包括碳纳米管、介孔碳、有机物衍生、石墨烯等)在费托合成中的最新进展,并重点从几何效应和电子效应两方面阐述了碳材料对铁基费托合成催化剂的限域作用,如对气体扩散和局部浓度、铁物种还原和碳化、碳化铁的相态和晶粒尺寸的稳定性等方面的影响。今后的研究重点是解决催化剂可控制备及碳材料本身在工业操作条件下的稳定性问题,并进一步探明碳包覆结构对碳化铁物相形成和反应机理的影响机制。Production of liquid fuels or chemicals via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis(FTS)from coal-or biomass-derived syngas meets national resource characteristics and strategic demand.The development of high-performance iron-based catalysts promotes this process.The support structure and electronic environment affect the properties of the catalysts significantly.Carbon supports have attracted much attention in Fe-FTS catalysts.We review the recent advances in carbon-confined materials(e.g.carbon nanotubes,mesoporous carbon,organic derivatives,graphene,etc.)for FTS,and focus on the confinement effect from two aspects:geometric and electronic effects,such as gas diffusion and local concentrations,reduction and carbonization of iron species,the stability of phase and particle size,etc.The key points of the future work will be aimed at the controllable preparation of catalysts,the high stability of carbon materials under industrial conditions,and a clear mechanism of carbon-confined materials on iron carbide formation and reaction.
机构地区天津大学化工学院
出处《化工进展》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2021年第4期1917-1927,共11页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress
基金国家自然科学基金(U1462204) 天津市自然科学基金(19JCYBJC20700)。
关键词合成气 加氢 催化剂 碳载体 限域效应syngas hydrogenation catalyst carbon support confinement effect
分类号TQ426 [化学工程] O643.36 [理学—物理化学]
