摘要 为揭示超高产田花生籽仁发育规律,以花育33号为试验材料,初步研究了超高产田花生籽仁百仁质量、出仁率、折干率以及蛋白质和脂肪含量变化。结果表明:超高产田花生单株结果数平均20.3个,单株果质量50.7 g,测产产量11634 kg/hm2。籽仁干物质积累呈慢—快—慢的趋势,混合百仁质量快速增长期为播种后86~138 d间,混合百仁质量日增长量的高峰期出现在播种后86~95 d。荚果折干率在播种后86~112 d间增加较快,荚果在收获前也有一个快速脱水的过程。出仁率在播种后112 d之前增加较快,之后增加较慢,收获时可达到最大值72.2%。籽仁蛋白质含量在播种后104 d前积累较快,后期积累速度明显降低,而脂肪含量在籽仁发育中后期积累较快,收获前仍在增加。收获前10 d的荚果日增长量为47.4 kg/hm2。说明超高产花生适当延迟收获期对籽仁产量提高和脂肪含量提升均有重要意义。 In order to reveal the development law of peanut kernel in super high yield field,Huayu33 was taken as experimental material,the changes of 100 kernel mass,kernel rate,drying rate,protein and fat content variation of peanut kernel were studied.The results showed that the pod number per plant was 20.3,the pod mass per plant was 50.7 g,and the pod yield was 11,634 kg/ha.The dry matter accumulation of kernel showed a slow-fast-slow trend.The rapid growth period of mixed 100 kernel mass was between 86~138 days after sowing,and the daily growth peak of mixed 100 kernel mass appeared between 86~95 days after sowing.The pod drying rate increased rapidly from 86 to 112 days after sowing,and the pod also had a rapid dehydration process before harvest.The kernel rate increased rapidly before 112 days after sowing,then increased slowly,and could reach the maximum value as 72.2%at the final harvest.The protein content of kernel accumulated rapidly before 104 days after sowing,and the accumulation rate decreased significantly in the later stage,while the fat content accumulated rapidly in the middle and late stages of seed development,and was still increasing before harvest.The daily growth of pod yield was 47.4 kg/ha at 10 days before harvest.Therefore,it was important to delay the harvest time of super high yield peanut to improve the kernel yield and fat content.
出处 《花生学报》 北大核心 2021年第1期60-63,69,共5页 Journal of Peanut Science
基金 国家重点研发计划(2020YFD1000905) 山东省重大科技创新工程(2019JZZY010702) 山东省农业科学院创新工程(CXGC2018D04,CXGC2018E13)。
