摘要 【目的】筛选适宜种植的木薯种茎长度,为我国木薯的高产高效栽培提供参考依据。【方法】以华南205木薯为试材,设5.0、10.0、15.0、20.0和25.0 cm 5个种茎长度处理,以相同密度(1.0 m×1.0 m)进行种植,调查各处理的出苗率、株高、茎径、块根的薯长和薯径、单株结薯数和单株薯重及单位面积产量,测定块根的淀粉含量、氢氰酸含量和干物率,并分析产量构成因子、品质性状与种茎长度间的相关性。【结果】较短的木薯种茎不易于出苗;在生长前期植株株高和茎径受种茎长度影响较明显,种茎越长株高和茎径越大,但超过一定长度的种茎其株高和茎径优势表现不明显;不同种茎长度对木薯产量构成因子影响不同,较短的种茎有利于单个块根生长,不利于单株结薯数形成,较长的种茎有利于单株结薯数形成,不利于单个块根生长。相关分析结果表明,种茎长度与单株结薯数呈极显著正相关(P<0.01,下同),与薯长和薯径呈极显著负相关;15.0 cm种茎长度处理木薯的单位面积产量最高,为37500.0 kg/hm2,5.0 cm种茎长度处理木薯的单位面积产量最低,为31650.0 kg/hm2,二者间差异显著(P<0.05,下同);种茎长度与块根氢氰酸含量呈正相关,与淀粉含量呈负相关,与干物率呈显著负相关,其中10.0和15.0 cm种茎长度处理木薯的干物率显著高于20.0和25.0 cm种茎长度处理。【结论】选择长度为15.0 cm的华南205木薯种茎进行种植,既可节省木薯种茎用量和提高播种效率,又可获得较高的木薯产量及较好的生长性能和品质。 【Objective】The present study was conducted to explore the suitable length of seed-stem in cassava growing in order to supply foundation for high yielding and high efficiency planting cultivation of cassava.【Method】Huanan 205 cassava was taken as the material.The experiment set five treatments including the length of 5.0,10.0,15.0,20.0 and 25.0 cm for seed-stem,and then grew in the same density(1.0 m×1.0 m).The rate of emergence,plant height,stem diameter,the length and diameter of tuber,the numbers of tubers per plant,the weight of tuber per plant,yield per unit area,the tuber starch content,the tuber hydrocyanic acid content and the dry matter rate were measured to analyze the difference and correlation between yield components,quality characters and the length of seed-stem.【Result】Result showed that the shorter seed-stem was not easy to emerge.In the early stage of growth,plant height and stem diameter were greatly affected by the length of the seed-stem.The longer the seed-stem was,the larger the plant height and stem diameter were.However,the advantages of plant height and stem diameter over a certain length were not obvious.Different stem lengths had different effects on cassava yield components.Shorter stems were beneficial to the growth of single tuber,but not to the formation of the numbers.Longer stems were beneficial to the formation of the numbers,but not to the growth of single tuber.The correlation analysis showed that the seed-stem length was extremely positively correlated with the number of tubers per plant(P<0.01,the same as below),and extremely negatively correlated with the length and diameter of tubers.The highest yield was 37500.0 kg/hm2 with the seed-stem treatment of 15.0 cm,and the lowest yield was 31650.0 kg/hm2 with the seed-stem treatment of 5.0 cm,and there was a significant difference between the two treatments(P<0.05,the same as below).The length of seed-stem was positively correlated with the content of hydrocyanic acid,negatively correlated with the content of st
机构地区 广西农业科学院经济作物研究所
出处 《西南农业学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2021年第3期514-519,共6页 Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金 国家木薯产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-11-GXSZY) 国家自然科学基金项目(31860347) 广西农业科学院团队项目(2015YT60)。
分类号 S533 [农业科学—作物学]
