摘要 目的探讨不同时间包头地区过敏性结膜炎的患病情况及其影响因素。方法采用横断面研究,于2021年1月选取2020年就诊于内蒙古科技大学包头医学院第二附属医院眼科的111例过敏性结膜炎患者为研究对象。采用调查问卷的方法获得患者基本信息、过敏相关情况及生活习惯等信息。通过配对样本t检验对2019年和2020年过敏相关指标(过敏持续时间、过敏次数、眼痒评分、眼部灼热感评分、眼异物感评分、眼红评分、流泪评分及眼部症状总评分)进行分析,通过Wilcoxon符号秩检验对2019年和2020年花粉浓度进行分析,通过独立样本t检验对不同性别过敏情况进行分析,通过单因素方差分析对不同年龄过敏情况进行分析,通过Spearman相关分析对佩戴口罩时长与过敏之间的关系进行分析。结果111例过敏性结膜炎患者中男性54例,女性57例,年龄范围为8~69岁、(36.77±13.18)岁,中位数年龄为35岁。包头地区2019年花粉浓度为(125.35±222.64)粒/千平方毫米,2020年花粉浓度平均为(107.38±137.29)粒/千平方毫米,两年间花粉浓度比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.356,P>0.05)。所有患者2020年各过敏指标的严重程度均显著低于2019年(t值分别为4.701,3.587,2.582,3.661,4.444,2.784,2.555,3.886,P值均<0.05)。男性患者各过敏指标的严重程度均低于女性(t值分别为-1.558,-1.257,-3.41,-3.085,-2.335,-2.897,-2.652,-4.124)。过敏性结膜炎的患病情况随年龄的变化无明显差异(P值分别为0.504,0.095,0.499,0.265,0.284,0.655,0.421,0.976)。2020年患者佩戴口罩的平均时长为(6.55±3.28)h/d,与过敏持续时间差之间存在相关关系(r=0.191,P=0.045)。结论2020年包头地区过敏性结膜炎患者的过敏严重程度较2019年明显改善,可能与佩戴口罩相关。 Objective To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of allergic conjunctivitis in Baotou area at different times.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in January 2021,111 patients with allergic conjunctivitis who were admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology in 2020 were selected as the research subjects.The basic information,allergic conditions,living habits and other information of the patients were obtained by self-made questionnaire.The pollen concentration and allergy related indicators(allergic duration and frequency,eye itching score,eye burn score,eye foreign body sensation score,tears score and the total scores)of 2019 and 2020 were analyzed by paired sample t-test.The pollen concentration of 2019 and 2020 were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed rank test.The allergy related indicators of different genders were analyzed by independent sample t-test.The allergy related indicators of different ages were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance.The relationship between the length of wearing masks and the allergy related indicators were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results Among the 111 patients with allergic conjunctivitis,54 were males and 57 were females,ranging in age from 8 to 69 years old,with a median age of 35 years old and an average age of(36.77±13.18)years old.The average pollen concentration in Baotou in 2019 was(125.35±222.64)grains/1000 square millimeter,and the average pollen concentration in Baotou in 2020 was(107.38±137.29)grains/1000 square millimeter.There was no significant difference in pollen concentration between the two years(Z=-0.178,P=0.859).The severity of allergic indicators in all patients in 2020 is significantly lower than in 2019(t values were 4.701,3.587,2.582,3.661,4.444,2.784,2.555,3.886,respectively,with P<0.05).The severity of allergic indicators in male patients is lower than that of female patients(t values were-1.558,-1.257,-3.41,-3.0
出处 《中华预防医学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2021年第5期627-632,共6页 Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金 国家自然科学基金(81970764) 北京市自然科学基金(7182037)。
分类号 R47 [医药卫生—护理学]
