摘要 【目的】研究缓释肥替代普通化肥且减量的施肥模式对大棚莴笋生长、产量及品质的影响,探索适宜大棚莴笋生产的合理施肥模式.【方法】试验设置5个处理:不施肥对照(CK)、当地常规施肥对照(CK 1,总养分量为136.1 kg/667m 2)、常规减量施肥(T1,总养分量为87.9 kg/667m 2)、缓释肥减量施肥(T2,总养分量与T1相同)、缓释肥常量施肥(T3,总养分量与CK 1相同),于收获时测量莴笋生长生理指标、产量以及品质指标.【结果】与CK 1相比,T1、T2和T3处理莴笋的产量均显著提高,其中T2处理的莴笋产量最高,较CK 1增产12.4%,T1和T2之间无显著性差异.与CK 1处理相比,T2和T3处理的莴笋株高、茎粗、茎长、根长和根系活力均显著提高,T1处理的茎长和根长均显著提高,T2、T3处理的茎粗分别提高24.5%、15.7%,茎长分别提高10.9%、4.1%.与CK 1处理相比,T2处理的叶绿素a+b和类胡萝卜素含量均显著增加,分别增加23.0%、18.5%.T2处理的莴笋叶片硝酸还原酶活性(NR)均显著高于其他处理.T2和T3处理与CK 1相比,均可显著降低莴笋茎的硝酸盐含量,提高可溶性蛋白、VC、可溶性糖和游离氨基酸含量,其中,T2处理莴笋茎的硝酸盐含量降低17.3%,可溶性蛋白、VC、可溶性糖含量分别提高7.8%、3.2%和78.5%,T3处理莴笋茎的硝酸盐含量降低7.1%,可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、VC和游离氨基酸含量分别提高22.9%、13.1%、45.1%和27.0%.T1与CK 1处理相比,可显著降低莴笋茎的硝酸盐含量,提高VC的含量,其中,硝酸盐降低11.0%,VC含量提高37.6%.【结论】用缓释肥替代普通化肥且减少化肥用量35.2%,能提高莴笋产量,改善产品品质,可作为当地大棚莴笋生产施肥的参考. 【Objective】To study the effect of slow-release fertilizer instead of ordinary fertilizer and reduced fertilization mode on the growth,yield and quality of lettuce in greenhouse,and to explore a reasonable fertilization mode suitable for asparagus lettuce production in greenhouse.【Method】The experiment set up five treatments:no fertilization control(CK),local conventional fertilization control(CK 1,The total nutrient weight is 136.1 kg/667m 2),conventional reduced fertilization(T1,The total nutrient weight is 87.9 kg/667m 2),slow-release fertilizer reduced fertilization(T2,The total nutrient weight is the same as T1),slow-release fertilizer constant fertilization(T3,The total nutrient weight is the same as CK 1).The physiological index,yield and quality index of lettuce were determined during harvest.【Result】Compared with CK 1,the yields of asparagus lettuce treated by T1,T2and T3were significantly improved.Among them,the yield treated by T2was the highest,which increased by 12.4%compared with CK 1.There was no significant difference between T1and T2.Compared with the CK 1,the plant height,stem thickness,stem length,root length and root activity of asparagus lettuce treated by T2and T3were significantly improved,the stem length and root length of T1were significantly increased,and the stem thickness of T2and T3were respectively increased by 24.5%and 15.7%,stem length increased by 10.9%and 4.1%.Compared with CK 1,the contents of chlorophyll a+b and carotenoids in T2increased significantly,increasing by 23.0%and 18.5%respectively.The nitrate reductase activity(NR)of the leaves treated with T2was significantly higher than that of other treatments.Compared with CK 1,T2and T3treatments significantly reduced the nitrate content of the stems and increase the content of soluble protein,VC,soluble sugar and free amino acids.Among them,the nitrate content of the stems treated by T2decreased by 17.3%.The content of VC and soluble sugar increased by 7.8%,
机构地区 甘肃农业大学园艺学院
出处 《甘肃农业大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2021年第1期50-57,65,共9页 Journal of Gansu Agricultural University
基金 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0201005) 甘肃省引导科技创新发展专项(2018ZX-02) 甘肃省科技重大专项(17ZD2NA015).
