摘要 茯苓(Wolfiporia cocos)是多孔菌科(Polyporaceae)、茯苓属(Wolfiporia)真菌。茯苓中富含多种化学成分,主要有三萜类、多糖类、甾醇类、挥发油类、蛋白质、氨基酸及微量元素等,其中三萜类和多糖类化合物为茯苓的主要活性成分。茯苓多糖来源广泛,主要包括菌核、菌丝体以及发酵液。茯苓多糖具有多种药理作用,包括免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗炎和抗抑郁等。笔者综述了茯苓多糖的单糖组成、结构特点,重点讨论了茯苓多糖调控巨噬细胞、T淋巴细胞、B淋巴细胞的功能和相关细胞因子的表达,以及发挥免疫调节作用的信号通路等,展望了未来茯苓多糖应用于药品、食品生产的潜力,为进一步利用茯苓提供了参考。 Wolfiporia cocos a fungus in the genus of Wolfiporia Ryv.&Gilbn,Polyporaceae.It is rich in a variety of chemical compounds,including triterpenoids,polysaccharides,sterols,volatile oils,proteins,amino acids and trace elements,etc.Among these chemical compounds,triterpenoids and polysaccharides are major active components in W.cocos.Polysaccharides of W.cocos are usually isolated from sclerotium,mycelium and fermentation broth.These polysaccharides have a variety of pharmacological effects,including immunoregulation,antitumor,antioxidant,anti-inflammation and anti-depression.This review article summarized research progress on monosaccharide composition,structural characteristics and pharmacological effects of W.cocos polysaccharides,with emphasis on regulation of macrophage function,T lymphocyte and B lymphocyte,induced expression of related cytokines,as well as the signal pathway of the immunomodulatory effect.Prospects of W.cocos polysaccharides in food and drug industry were also discussed.This study provides a useful reference for applications of W.cocos polysaccharides.
机构地区 上海交通大学农业与生物学院
出处 《食用菌学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2021年第2期130-139,共10页 Acta Edulis Fungi
分类号 R28 [医药卫生—中药学]
