摘要 水田搅浆是基于稻作制度的独立机械化作业环节,搅浆刀是进行搅浆农艺处理的专用刀具,但目前缺乏针对搅浆的农艺界定及搅浆刀专用设计参数研究。本文利用逆向工程技术获取搅浆刀的关键几何参数,并对搅浆作业和搅浆刀的设计方法进行定义。通过与常规旋耕刀(R245)进行分析对比提出搅浆刀的专用设计参数,进而通过田间试验进一步探讨搅浆刀的设计方法。结果表明,搅浆刀的楔面入土效应是保障其水田搅浆性能的关键,该效应所对应的搅浆刀设计参数被定义为侧切刃楔角,侧切刃楔角与侧切刃刀面宽度2个关键设计参数决定了搅浆刀入土过程的侧向搅浆作业强度。与R245旋耕刀相比,侧切刃楔角是搅浆刀设计的显著特点,搅浆刀的侧切刃静态楔角高于动态楔角,而R245的侧切刀面是一平直刀面(楔角为0°),在正切刃区域,搅浆刀与旋耕刀的楔角变化基本一致。基于田间土壤条件的原位台架试验进一步证明了搅浆刀专用设计参数对保障起浆、水田埋草等性能的优越性。 Evolution of agronomic practices has led to the classification of paddy production machines.Specialized machineries also imply differences of functional performance among different types of soil engaging tools.Each class of rotatory tiller knives thus needs to be developed with its specific optimized designs.Puddling is an independent mechanized field operation.Puddling knife has been well evolved from long history of paddy production and industry development.However,proper definition on mechanized puddling and the design theory for puddling knife is lacking.An inverse engineering approach was adopted to quantify the geometric parameters of a market available puddling knife.Puddling operation and the design principle for puddling knife was defined.A rotary tiller knife(modeled R245)was used for comparison purpose and a field experiment was conducted to illustrate functional performances of the puddling knife.Results showed that rank intrusion effect was a key factor guaranteeing the functionality of puddling.Therefore,the key parameter of puddling knife design was defined as side blade rank angle.It was the integrated effect of the side blade rank angle and the side blade width that determined the puddling performance of the knife.Compared with R245,the puddling knife was featured with its side blade rank angle,which static value was higher than the dynamic value.While the R245 had a flattened side blade(i.e.0°of rank angle).In the front blade section,both the puddling knife and the rotary tiller knife had a similar geometry.Field experiment further proved an improved performance of the puddling knife as compared with R245,either in puddling quality and straw burial.The result also implied the need to apply inverse engineering tools for the design of all other types of soil engaging tools.
出处 《农业机械学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2021年第3期68-74,共7页 Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金 江苏省农业科技自主创新项目(CX(17)1002) 江苏省苏北科技专项(ZL-LYG2017008) 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300900)。
关键词 搅浆刀 逆向工程 刀具楔角 搅浆性能 paddy puddling knife reverse engineering knife wedge angle puddling performance
