摘要 在玉米秸秆还田条件下,为了提高深松作业破茬比率,降低土壤扰动与能耗,以物料(土壤、秸秆和根茬)特性、滑切原理和离散元(EDEM)仿真分析深松铲对土壤的作用为依据,设计了交互式分层深松铲。首先,根据物料特性与滑切原理得到前铲结构参数;然后,以前铲仿真过程中回流土壤最大加速度的位置和方向为依据,设计与回流土壤形成滑切交互作用的后铲交互段铲柄,同时设计后铲上下段铲柄,得到后铲结构参数;最后,结合前铲运动速度与土壤颗粒回流至最大加速度的时间确定前后铲处于滑切交互时的间距。将交互式分层深松铲与前铲仿真过程中所选土壤颗粒最大加速度的方向进行对比,验证了设计思路的合理性。离散元仿真对比试验表明,交互式分层深松铲可有效降低土壤扰动;比普通分层深松铲、圆弧型单铲对根茬的平均作用力分别提高了22.14%、26.98%;比非交互式分层深松铲、普通分层深松铲、圆弧型单铲的平均阻力分别减小了14.25%、26.02%、8.71%。交互式分层深松铲破茬比率高、土壤扰动小、能耗低,满足深松作业的要求。 An interactive layered subsoil shovel was designed on the basis of material(soil,straw and stubble)characteristics,sliding-cut principle and the effect of subsoiler on soil before EDEM simulation analysis in order to improve the stubble breaking ratio of sub-soiling and reduce soil disturbance and energy consumption under the condition of maize straw returning.Firstly,the structure parameters of the front shovel were obtained according to the material characteristic and the sliding-cut principle.Secondly,the shovel handle of the interaction section of the backhoe to form the sliding interaction with the backhoe was designed and the structural parameters of the backhoe were obtained according to the position and direction of the maximum acceleration of the backhoe soil in the simulation process of the front shovel,at the same time,the handle of the upper and lower section of the shovel was designed according to the material characteristics and the sliding-cut principle.Finally,the distance between the front shovel and the backhoe in sliding interaction was in the sliding state according to the moving speed of the front shovel and the time of soil particles returning to the maximum acceleration.The direction of the maximum acceleration of soil particles selected in the simulation process of the interactive layered subsoil shovel and the front shovel was compared to verify the rationality of the design idea.The results of the discrete element simulation showed that it was possible to reduce the soil disturbance effectively through the interactive layered subsoil shovel.In terms of the average force on the stubble,it was increased by 22.14%and 26.98%respectively compared with the ordinary layered subsoil shovel and the circular arc single shovel.In terms of the average resistance,it was declined by 14.25%,26.02%and 8.71%respectively compared with the non interactive layered subsoil shovel,the ordinary layered subsoil shovel and the circular arc single shovel.The interactive layered subsoil shovel was endowed with the
机构地区 东北农业大学工程学院
出处 《农业机械学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2021年第3期75-87,共13页 Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300803)。
