摘要 在设施土壤栽培条件下,以农民习惯施钾量为对照(K),研究了减钾50%(K0.5)、减钾100%(K0)、秸秆还田下施全量钾(SK)、秸秆还田下减钾50%(SK0.5)和秸秆还田下减钾100%(SK0)对设施黄瓜产量,叶片、叶柄以及果实中钾、钙、镁含量和土壤钾形态的影响,为设施蔬菜栽培条件下钾肥管理提供科学理论依据。结果表明,与K处理相比,各处理对黄瓜产量无影响,而SK和SK0.5处理显著提高了黄瓜果实中白利糖度。K0.5、SK、SK0.5和SK0处理对0~40 cm土壤速效钾含量无影响,而SK和SK0.5处理提高了土壤缓效钾含量;K0.5、K0、SK0.5和SK0处理相比K处理,对黄瓜叶片和果实中钾、钙含量无影响,而SK处理显著提高了上、中部叶片钾含量,显著降低了叶柄中钙含量,K0、SK0处理显著降低了中部叶柄中钾含量;相比K处理,K0.5和K0处理提高了黄瓜叶片和果实中镁含量,SK0处理对果实中镁含量无影响,但显著提高了中、下部叶片中镁含量。因此,研究区域内,当设施土壤速效钾含量较高(>1100 mg/kg)时,黄瓜生育期内钾肥追施量以198.0 kg/hm2为宜,以增施7.5 t/hm2秸秆替代部分钾肥,不会对黄瓜生长和产量造成影响。 This research studied the effect of potassium fertilizer reduction on cucumber yield,potassium(K),calcium(Ca),magnesium(Mg)contents in leaves,petioles,fruits and soil K forms under the condition of protected soil cultivation.Conventional K application based local farmers(K)was as control,K fertilizer reduction treatments included 50%of K application(K0.5),no K application(K0),conventional K application under straw return(SK),50%of K application under straw return(SK0.5)and no K application under straw return(SK0).This would provide the scientific and theoretical data for the K fertilizer management under protected cultivation condition.The results showed that compared with K treatment,all K fertilizer reduction treatments had no significant effect on the cucumber yield,but SK and SK0.5significantly increased the content of brix in cucumber fruit.K0.5,SK,SK0.5and SK0 treatments had no significant effect on soil available K content in 0-40 cm depth,but SK and SK0.5treatments increased the content of soil slow-release K.Compared with K treatment,K0.5,K0,SK0.5and SK0 treatments had no significant effect on K and Ca contents in cucumber leaves and fruits,but SK significantly increased K contents in the upper and middle leaves and decreased Ca contents in cucumber petioles.K contents in the middle petioles decreased significantly under K0 and SK0 treatments.K0.5and K0 treatments increased Mg contents in cucumber leaves and fruit.Furthermore,SK0 treatment had no significant effect on Mg content in cucumber fruit,but significantly increased Mg contents in the middle and lower leaves compared with K treatment.So,when soil available K content was relatively high(>1100 mg/kg)in the study area,it was practicable to apply 198.0 kg/hm2of K fertilizer and apply 7.5 t/hm2of straw replaced part of K fertilizer,which would not affect the growth and yield of cucumbers during the whole growth period.
出处 《山西农业科学》 2021年第4期461-466,共6页 Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
基金 山西省科技成果转化引导专项(201904D131053) 国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0800405)。
关键词 秸秆还田 钾肥减量 设施黄瓜 钾钙镁含量 土壤钾形态 straw returning potassium fertilizer reduction cucumber in protected cultivation K,Ca,Mg contents soil K forms
