摘要 青年时期王安石立志学习孟韩,做北宋儒学复兴运动的主将;随着其道德性命之学的创立,王安石产生了由孟韩并重到摒弃韩愈、独尊孟子的转变;而随着其道德事功的建立,王安石更是产生了糠秕孔孟、比肩稷契的人生理想。王安石评价人物的标准是道、德、业兼备,其心目中的道是德与业的综合,业又包含道术与事功。就道术而言,王安石自认为继承甚至超越了孔孟的学说,弥补了孔孟学说中天道观、辩证法、人性论等方面的不足,其功堪与孔孟比肩,甚至超越孔孟。就事功而言,王安石以执政之身,借助封建皇权的力量,一方面将儒学提升到学术界的主流地位,并使之上升到皇权国家意识形态的主导地位,另一方面用其道德性命之学指导了轰轰烈烈的变法实践,使得儒学的内圣之道达成外王之功,这一点也是孔孟梦寐以求而未曾达成的理想。对于荀子,王安石虽然汲取了其唯物论思想,但却将其剔除儒家道统之外。综合而言,王安石心目中的儒家道统序列是伏羲、尧、舜、禹、汤、文、武、周公、王安石。 In his youth,Wang Anshi was determined to learn from Mencius and Han Yu,and became the leader of the Confucianism Renaissance movement in the Northern Song Dynasty.With the establishment of his academic theory of moral life,he changed his belief from attaching equal importance to both Mencius and Han Yu to abandoning Han Yu and respecting Mencius only.And with his great moral achievements,Wang Anshi got his life ideal of abandoning Confucius and Mencius,and being equal to Ji and Qi.Wang Anshi’s criterion for evaluating people is a combination of Taoism,morality and karma.Taoism in his mind is the combination of morality and karma,while karma includes Taoism and deeds.In terms of Taoism,Wang Anshi thought that he had inherited and even surpassed the doctrines of Confucius and Mencius,and made up for the deficiencies of natural law,dialectics,and theory of human nature etc.,and his merit was comparable to that of Confucius and Mencius,and even surpassed them.As far as his merits are concerned,Wang Anshi,on the one hand,used the power of feudal monarchy as a ruling body to elevate Confucianism to the mainstream position of academia and to raise it to the dominant position of imperial state ideology.And on the other hand,he used his theory of moral life to guide vigorous reform practice to make the Confucian moral cultivation achieve the power of ruling the country and pacifying the world,which is also the dream of Confucius and Mencius but they did not achieve.As for Xun Zi,although he absorbed his materialism thought,Wang Anshi excluded it from Confucianism.In general,the Confucian orthodoxy sequence in Wang Anshi’s mind is Fuxi,Yao,Shun,Yu,Tang,Wen,Wu,Zhou Gong and Wang Anshi.
机构地区 河北教育出版社
出处 《衡水学院学报》 2021年第2期82-92,共11页 Journal of Hengshui University
