摘要 [目的/意义]信息迷雾是一种人为导致的误导决策的信息氛围。讨论信息迷雾的概念、形成以及应对策略,有助于降低情报失误,减少决策被误导的可能性。[方法/过程]文章从信息迷雾的基本概念出发,讨论信息迷雾形成的具体阶段,解析信息迷雾各阶段的模式与威胁,并基于管理部门和情报部门两个视角,探索各个管理和情报部门应对信息迷雾的可选策略。[结果/结论]研究发现,信息迷雾具有蓄意性、虚假性、传播性和误导性等多个特征,信息迷雾的形成可分为行动计划、真相混淆、代理传播、渠道污染和决策误导等不同阶段。应对信息迷雾可以从管理部门和情报部门等多个角度入手。管理部门需要维护有序的信息环境,提高信息迷雾的传播成本,惩罚恶意散播虚假信息的行为;情报部门需要积累和维护自有的事实库,追溯信息的真正源头并验证其可靠性,以客观理性的态度对待情报线索。 [Purpose/significance]Disinformation is a kind of information environment that is deliberately created to mislead decision-making.Discussion on the concept,formation and response for disinformation is helpful to reduce intelligence errors and reduce the possibility of misguided decisions.[Method/process]This paper combed the basic concept of disinformation,discussed the specific stages of the formation of disinformation,analyzed the mode and threat of each stage of disinformation,and explored the strategies to deal with disinformation in each stage based on the perspectives of management department and intelligence department.[Result/conclusion]The disinformation has characteristics,such as deliberate,false,disseminative and misguiding.And the formation process of disinformation can be divided into action plan,truth confusion,agency communication,channel pollution and decision-making misleading stages.In order to deal with the disinformation,the management department needs to increase transmission cost of disinformation,and to punish the behavior of malicious dissemination of false information;the intelligence department needs to accumulate and maintain its own fact database,to trace the real source of information and verify its reliability,and to treat intelligence clues with an objective and rational attitude.
机构地区 北京大学信息管理系
出处 《情报理论与实践》 北大核心 2021年第3期6-12,共7页 Information Studies:Theory & Application
基金 国家社会科学基金重大项目“面向国家战略的情报学教育与发展研究”的阶段性研究成果,项目编号:20&ZD332。
关键词 信息迷雾 决策支持 情报失察 情报研究 情报感知 情报刻画 disinformation decision support intelligence failure information studies information awareness information description
分类号 G63 [文化科学—教育学]
