摘要 目的分析嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌临床分布特征和耐药性变迁,为临床抗感染治疗提供参考依据。方法对2017年1月-2019年12月华东医院住院和门诊老年感染患者进行细菌分离鉴定和体外药敏试验,并分析嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌的样本来源、科室分布等临床数据。结果3年间共分离出嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌208株。主要样本来源是痰和中段尿样本,分别占64.9%和10.1%;分离率较高的临床科室是重症监护室(76株,36.5%)、综合内科(35株,16.8%)和普外科(28株,13.4%)。体外药敏分析结果表明,该菌对左氧氟沙星和甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑敏感性较高,分别达到80.8%和81.3%;对头孢他啶和氯霉素耐药率较高,分别达到74.0%和43.3%;对米诺环素的耐药率逐年上升。结论嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌的分离率逐年上升,而其对抗菌药物的耐药率则有所波动,因此,需要根据体外药敏的结果来合理选择使用抗菌药物。 Objective To analyze the clinical distribution characteristics and drug resistance changes of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in our hospital,and to provide a reference for clinical anti-infection treatment.Methods Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from the samples of the hospitalized and outpatient elderly patients with infection in Huadong Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019 were isolated and identified.The in vitro drug sensitivity test were carried out at the same time.The clinical data such as the sample source of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and distribution of departments were analyzed.Results Atotal of 208 strains of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia were isolated in the three years.The main specimen sources were sputum and mid-stream urine,accounting for 64.9%and 10.1%,respectively.The clinical departments with higher isolation rates were the Intensive Care Unit(76 strains,36.5%),General Internal Medicine(35 strains,16.8%)and General Surgery(28 strains,13.4%).The results of in vitro drug sensitivity test showed that this bacteria had high sensitivity to levofloxacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole,which were 80.8%and 81.3%,respectively;the resistance rates to ceftazidime and chloramphenicol were 74.0%and 43.3%,respectively;the resistance rates to minocycline increased year by year.Conclusion The isolation rate of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is increasing year by year,while its resistance rate to antibacterial drugs fluctuates.Therefore,it is necessary to rationally choose antibacterial drugs based on the results of in vitro drug sensitivity test.
机构地区 复旦大学附属华东医院检验科
出处 《老年医学与保健》 CAS 2021年第2期238-240,256,共4页 Geriatrics & Health Care
基金 上海市科技委员会"创新行动计划"(18411950800)。
关键词 老年 嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌 临床分布 耐药性分析 elderly stenotrophomonas maltophilia clinical distribution drug resistant analysis
分类号 R44 [医药卫生—诊断学]
