摘要 【目的】探究森林公园环境能否缓解压力、不同森林公园环境的健康效益差异以及声景感知对森林公园健康效益的影响,并深入研究哪些声景是恢复性(正效益)声景的重要要素,为森林公园恢复性声景观设计提供参考。【方法】以福州国家森林公园为研究地点,以20个森林公园环境视听视频(10个有声视频和10个无声视频)为研究材料,邀请35名大学生进行视听试验,借助Ergo LAB数据平台采集受试者的生理指标,采用声景感知评价问卷评估样地声景感知程度;运用中位数检验分析不同森林公园环境的健康效益差异,Wilcoxon检验分析森林公园环境对压力恢复的效果和声景对健康效益的影响,并通过最优尺度回归确定恢复性声景的重要要素。【结果】不同森林公园环境均可有效降低皮肤电导水平反应率、心率和心率变异性;不同森林公园环境的健康效益存在差异,绿色空间样地S7、S9和蓝色空间样地S8、S10的健康效益较好;不同森林公园环境皮肤电导水平反映率存在显著差异,而心率和心率变异性未见统计学差异;声景加入会改变森林公园环境的健康效益,除谈话声和儿童嬉戏声较突出的样地S5外,其他视听组合刺激均比单一视觉刺激更具健康效益;鸟鸣声、流水声、蝉鸣声和脚步声对皮肤电导水平反映率的影响较大,鸟鸣声、流水声、蝉鸣声和风声对心率变异性的影响较大;鸟鸣声、流水声、蝉鸣声和风声等自然声对正效益(皮肤电导水平反映率下降,心率下降,心率变异性下降)的贡献较大,脚步声等人工声则相反。【结论】森林公园环境可在一定程度上缓解压力,但不同森林公园环境的健康效益存在差异,蓝色和绿色空间对提升健康效益具有重要作用。森林公园声景是恢复性环境设计的关键,鸟鸣声和流水声等自然声是恢复性(正效益)声景的重要要素。未来设计恢复性环境 【Objective】This article aims to explore whether the forest park environment can relieve human tension,the differences in health benefits of different forest park environments and the impact of soundscape perception on the health benefits of forest park,and to further study on which soundscapes are important elements of restorative(positive benefits)soundscapes,in order to provide a basis for restorative soundscape design for forest park.【Method】Fuzhou national forest park was chosen for the study,20 videos(10 videos with voice and 10 without)on environment of the forest park were tested by 35 invited college students on the park campus.The Ergo LAB data platform was used for physiological data collection during the experiment.Soundscape perception questionnaire was used to evaluate soundscape perception of different samples.The median test was used to analyze the differences in health benefits of different forest park environments.Wilcoxon test was used to analyze the effects of forest park environment on stress recovery and the impact of soundscape perception on the health benefits of forest park.Moreover,optimal scale regression was used to determine the restorative soundscape elements.【Result】Different forest park environments can effectively reduce the rare of skin conductance level(SCLr),heart rate(HR)and heart rate variability(LF/HF).But different forest park environmental health benefits were different.Green space sample plots S7,S9 and blue space sample plots S8,S10 health benefits were better.There were significant differences in SCLr among different forest park environments,but no significant differences in HR and LF/HF.The addition of soundscape can change health benefits of forest park environments.Except for the sample plots S5 where conversation and children’s frolic sounds were more prominent,the health benefits of audiovisual combined stimuli were higher than single visual stimuli.Chirm,running water sound,cicadas chirp,and footsteps had a greater impact on SCLr.Chirm,running water s
机构地区 福建农林大学园林学院
出处 《林业科学》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2021年第3期9-17,共9页 Scientia Silvae Sinicae
基金 武夷山国家公园研究院专项(KJG20009A) 福建省财政厅专项“森林康养研究专项”(K8118J03A) 森林步道体系建设与研究(KJG19004A) 听觉感知对森林景观恢复性效益的影响研究(KFA19085A) 森林公园游憩质量评价及数据可视化呈现(JAT190147)。
关键词 森林公园 声景 皮肤电导水平 心率 心率变异性 健康效益 forest park soundscape skin conductance level(SCL) heart rate(HR) heart rate variability(LF/HF) health benefits
分类号 S731.2 [农业科学—林学]
