摘要 【目的】通过对青海云杉半同胞家系生长性状遗传变异规律的研究,筛选出优良家系,为青海云杉高世代遗传改良奠定基础。【方法】以100个青海云杉半同胞家系为研究对象,调查其15年生和20年生时子代的树高、当年高生长量、地径和冠幅等4个生长指标,对其进行方差分析、遗传参数和亲本一般配合力的估算,在亲本多性状综合评价基础上,筛选优良家系。【结果】15年生和20年生时各家系半同胞子代在4个生长指标上均存在极显著差异;不同树龄子代各性状的家系遗传力变化范围在0.554~0.855之间,家系各生长指标的表型变异系数在8.33%~19.49%之间;树高、地径、当年高生长量和冠幅的一般配合力(20年生)范围分别是-39.22~47.56、-1.19~1.05、-5.91~6.34和-21.49~25.40;相关性分析表明青海云杉各生长性状之间均达到了极显著的正相关水平(0.308~0.817);利用生长性状数据对15和20年生的半同胞家系进行综合评价,筛选出7个优良家系,入选家系20年生时树高、当年高生长量、地径和冠幅平均值分别为209.40、20.71、6.33和141.87 cm,平均遗传增益分别达到14.12%、2.07%、8.01%和10.42%。【结论】青海云杉家系间具有丰富的遗传变异,筛选出了49号、51号、60号、64号、108号、123号、132号等7个生长性状优良的家系,筛选的优良家系可为高世代种子园提供高质量的建园材料。 [Objective]To lay the foundation for the genetic improvement of high generation of Picea crassifolia,the genetic variations of growth traits in the half-sib families of Picea crassifolia were studied,and the superior families were screened out.[Method]With 100 Picea crassifolia half-sib families as the research objects,we investigated tree height(H),height increment in that very year(I),ground diameter(GD),and crown width(CW)of 15 and 20-year-old offsprings,variance and estimation of genetic parameters and parents’general combining ability of half-sib families were analyzed,and on the basis of comprehensive evaluation on growth traits of parents,superior families were selected.[Result]4 growth traits were all significantly different(P<0.01)among the half-siblings at the age of 15 and 20.The family heritability range of each trait in different ages was 0.554-0.855,and the family variation coefficients of growth traits ranged from 8.33%to 19.49%.The ranges of general combining ability(20-year-old)of H,GD,I and CW were-39.22-47.56,-1.19-1.05,-5.91-6.34 and-21.49-25.40,respectively.The correlation analysis results showed that there was a significant positive correlation among all growth traits(0.308-0.817).The growth traits were used to evaluate 15 and 20 years old half-sib families,7 families were finally selected,and the average H,I,GD,east-west CW and south-north CW of the selected families in 20 years old were 209.40,20.71,6.33 and 141.87 cm,respectively,and the average genetic gain of each trait was 14.12%,2.07%,8.01%and 10.42%,respectively.[Conclusion]There are abundant genetic variations among families of Picea crassifolia.Seven families with excellent growth traits were screened out,i.e.No.49,No.51,No.60,No.64,No.108,No.123 and No.132.The selected superior families can provide high quality breeding materials for high generation seed orchards.
出处 《北京林业大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2021年第4期17-24,共8页 Journal of Beijing Forestry University
基金 国家自然科学基金项目(31860221、31770713) 甘肃省自然科学基金项目(18JR3RG424)。
关键词 青海云杉 子代测定 一般配合力 多性状综合评价 优良家系选择 Picea crassifolia progeny test general combining ability multi-trait comprehensive evaluation superior family election
