摘要 PISA是经合组织参与全球治理的重要政策工具。它的产生与教育治理领域中的新自由主义、数目化管理及比较转向息息相关,在一定程度上引发了全球教育政策的"趋同"现象,并在不同国家与地区发挥着"教育政策改革指引"或"教育政策或立场背书"的作用,其影响的范围和程度则由各国具体的PISA成绩、文化传统、地缘政治地位、国内政治环境等决定。PISA业已成为全球教育政策领域的基石,其在各国引发的政策回应在超国家层面涉及经合组织的能力与跨国的教育政策趋同压力,在国家层面涉及"外部化压力"和"模范社会"的示范作用,在国家内部则涉及国内行动者网络与信息"转译"的过程。梅耶、布迪厄、福柯等社会学家的经典理论为理解PISA与全球教育治理结构及个体行动者的关系提供了理论资源。针对PISA的研究需注意方法论民族主义和实在论转向,重拾经典议程和知识传统,注意批判。 PISA is an important policy tool for OECD to participate global governance. Its emergence is related to the rising of the neoliberalism, governance by numbers and comparative turn in the field of education governance. It, to some extent, has triggered the phenomenon of "convergence" of global education policy, and plays the role of "educational policy reform guidelines" or "educational policy endorsement" in different countries. The scope and extent of its impact are determined by a nation’s PISA achievements, cultural traditions, geopolitical status, domestic political environment and so on. PISA has become the cornerstone of the global field of education policy. The policy responses by various nation-states it triggers depend on such factors at supranational level as the capacity of OECD and the pressures experienced by nation-state in borrowing education policies. At the national level, the policy responses it triggers are influenced by such factors as the "externalized pressures" and "model societies". At the subnational level, the networks of domestic actors play important role. The classical theories of sociologists such as Meyer, Bourdieu and Foucault provide theoretical resources for understanding the relationship between PISA and the global educational governance structure and individual actors. For further study of PISA, we should pay attention to the criticism of methodology nationalism and realism, to re-pick up the classical agenda and knowledge tradition, pay attention to critical studies.
出处 《全球教育展望》 北大核心 2021年第2期55-79,共25页 Global Education
基金 广州市教育局高校科研项目羊城学者项目(项目编号:202032861) 广东省哲学社会科学规划项目(项目编号:GD19CJY10) 广东省哲学社会科学规划青年项目(项目编号:GD19YJY02)。
分类号 G63 [文化科学—教育学]
